The real history behind 'Wanted' on Broadway

Writer Angelica Chéri shares how 19th-century Texas history and her outlaw-legend ancestors inspired her and Ross Baum's new musical at the James Earl Jones Theatre.

Andy Lefkowitz
Written byAndy Lefkowitz

The story of Mary and Martha Clarke might sound like the stuff of Hollywood legend. The twin sisters were Black women passing for white as outlaws in 1890s Texas, desperately determined to get money to protect their family. But this narrative is rooted in real American history and handed-down family tradition, currently playing out eight times a week in Wanted at the James Earl Jones Theatre.

Book writer and lyricist Angelica Chéri based the musical on the oral history of her own ancestors: The real Mary and Martha were her great-grandfather’s sisters. Wanted, featuring a score by Chéri’s collaborator Ross Baum, explores a post-Emancipation America where the Clarke sisters are pushed to desperate measures. While no one knows exactly how every detail of the sisters’ journey unfolded, here is how their legacy inspired Chéri to create her onstage tale.

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Summary

  • The musical Wanted is inspired by real-life sisters Mary and Martha Clarke, who became outlaws to save their family
  • Book writer and lyricist Angelica Chéri is a descendant of the Clarkes, and her musical is inspired by family folklore and oral tradition
  • The show is set in 1893 Texas, where Jim Crow laws were in effect that inform the world of the play and the characters' struggles to survive

Wanted was sparked by a grad school writing prompt.

A single photograph inspired the visual world.

Wanted is set in a post-Civil War, segregated Texas.

Passing for white carried massive risks.

The outlaws are inspired by family lore and real history.

Chéri feels a connection to the James Earl Jones Theatre.

Wanted was sparked by a grad school writing prompt.

The genesis of Wanted began while Chéri was a student. She went into the Graduate Musical Theater Writing Program at NYU in 2013 completely neutral to the form, having previously focused on playwriting during her first master’s degree at Columbia University. A Columbia elective taught by award-winning playwright Deborah Brevoort had showed Chéri she had a talent for lyrics.

During her second year at NYU, Chéri was paired with Baum. When the late professor Sarah Schlesinger introduced a writing prompt about historical figures, Chéri initially thought of women like Ida B. Wells and Zora Neale Hurston. Eventually, she turned her focus inward. She remembered the historical figures in her own family, Mary and Martha Clarke, noting that the elusive nature of their story felt liberating to adapt.

Wanted was sparked by a grad school writing prompt.

Photo credit: Solea Pfeiffer and the cast of Wanted on Broadway. (Photo by Julieta Cervantes)

A single photograph inspired the visual world.

While the creative team had little historical documentation, they did have one surviving photograph of Mary and Martha. Chéri said the image revealed “the razor-sharpness behind Martha’s eyes and the soft strength of Mary.” What struck the team most was the sisters’ “regal presentation,” as Chéri described it; they looked “polished, untouched, pristine.”

“We found most striking the paradox that they would be outlaws,” she explained. The creative team leaned into the juxtaposition of the Clarkes' large dresses, curls, and soft makeup alongside what Chéri called “the powder and the gun, the power, the fearlessness, the feminine strength.”

To build out the Western aesthetic, Chéri also drew inspiration from historical texts like The Female Outlaw and real accounts of 19th-century saloon takeovers.

A single photograph inspired the visual world.

Photo credit: Solea Pfeiffer in Wanted on Broadway. (Photo by Julieta Cervantes)

Wanted is set in a post-Civil War, segregated Texas.

Wanted takes place in 1893, less than 30 years after enslaved people in Texas learned of the Emancipation Proclamation on Juneteenth (June 19, 1865). Chéri said the Reconstruction era was a time when the country was redefining itself, with Jim Crow laws implemented to suppress the upward mobility and civil rights of African Americans. These laws mandated strict racial segregation across public spaces; notably, Texas passed a Separate Coach Law in 1891 that forced African Americans into inferior train cars.

This reality serves as the musical’s inciting incident. The Clarke sisters and their mother, Tallulah, save enough money to buy the land they have been sharecropping. However, their landlord creates “an arbitrary amount of exorbitant debt” they cannot afford. The sisters’ underlying struggle is a universal one, Chéri noted: “We are all fighting for the same human dignity.”

Wanted is set in a post-Civil War, segregated Texas.

Photo credit: Solea Pfeiffer, Ledisi, and Liisi LaFontaine in Wanted on Broadway. (Photo by Julieta Cervantes)

Passing for white carried massive risks.

In the show, Mary and Martha leave home and pass for white in order to survive. Historically, this disguise required intense silence and isolation because any slip of the tongue or exposed secret could be lethal. To reflect this on stage, the sisters have to pick up a foreign dialect while riding the whites-only train car for the first time.

The stakes heighten when they both attract romantic interests, as Chéri noted that in reality, being honest about their identities “could mean death for either or both of them.”

Passing for white carried massive risks.

Photo credit: Luke James and Liisi LaFontaine in Wanted on Broadway. (Photo by Julieta Cervantes)

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The outlaws are inspired by family lore and real history.

In the musical, the sisters do not leave home intending to become outlaws, but rather fall into it out of a need for self-defense. When they leave, Tallulah gives them a family-heirloom gun named Old Betsy. This plot point was drawn directly from Chéri’s family history; she said generations of Clarke women carried small Derringers in their church purses to protect themselves against the violence of the era. “They were not going to be victims, and they were going to defend themselves,” Chéri said.

For the sisters’ subsequent crimes, Chéri borrowed from her family’s oral tradition, which included tales of a train robbery, a bank heist, and encounters on the road. She also found that train robberies and saloon takeovers were not uncommon for the time. During the 1890s alone, there were over 260 train robberies; some historians estimate trains were held up on an average of every four days in the West during the late 19th century.

The outlaws are inspired by family lore and real history.

Photo credit: Liisi LaFontaine in Wanted on Broadway. (Photo by Julieta Cervantes)

Chéri feels a connection to the James Earl Jones Theatre.

The plot of Wanted isn't the only thing connected to Chéri's family: Bringing the show to the James Earl Jones Theatre holds a deeply personal and full-circle meaning for her. Before her father passed away in 2024, he would repeatedly encourage her using the words of two iconic characters: Mufasa and Darth Vader.

“He said, ‘I am your father, and it is your destiny, and you must go,’” Chéri shared. “He even said at times, ‘I am your father, and I am Mufasa, and it is your destiny.’”

Chéri recently realized her father had mixed up quotes from the two characters, but that both were voiced by James Earl Jones. Landing her Broadway debut in the venue named for the legendary actor felt to Chéri like a fated full-circle moment.

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Chéri feels a connection to the James Earl Jones Theatre.

Photo credit: The company of Wanted on Broadway. (Photo by Julieta Cervantes)

Frequently asked questions

Where is Wanted playing?

Wanted is playing at James Earl Jones Theatre. The theatre is located at 138 West 48th Street, New York, 10036.

How long is Wanted?

The running time of Wanted is 2hr 15min. Incl. 15min intermission.

How do you book tickets for Wanted?

Book tickets for Wanted on New York Theatre Guide.

What's the age recommendation for Wanted?

The recommended age for Wanted is Ages 10+. Due to mature themes and content..

How much do tickets cost for Wanted?

Tickets for Wanted start at $53.

What is Wanted about?

Wanted is a musical based on the true story of the Clarke sisters who endeavored to clear their mother's sharecropper debt and buy back her home in 1893 Texas.

What are the songs in Wanted?

The music was celebrated as a "powerhouse score" (New York Times), so audiences can expect thrilling numbers that show off the leading ladies' vocals.

Who directs Wanted?

Obie winner and Tony nominee Stevie Walker-Webb directs.

Who wrote Wanted?

Angelica Chéri, who is a descendant of the Clarke sisters, wrote the book and lyrics, and Ross Baum wrote the music.